MAKING DECISIONS
I have been talking to bowhunters for the last twenty plus years and come to a few conclusions. The first on is that archers enjoy trying nay new material in the search for the perfect piece of gear.
The second important conclusion is that everyone’s idea of what is ideal is different.
In archery every decision we make obtains a benefit but pays a price: a heavier arrow will have more penetration capacity than a lighter one but will drop quicker; a fast bow will deliver more energy but will be more critical to shoot, etc.
When it comes to broadheads, there is no difference to that cost/benefit principle. A bowhunter can prioritize penetration, or cutting diameter or perfect flight or durability as their key factor to choose a broadhead. None of them will be right or wrong as long as they make their choice aware of the cost it involves.
Fixed versus Mechanical broadheads
These two approaches represent the polar opposites of broadhead design. Quality fixed blade broadheads are designed so every part from tip to mounting threads remains completely intact after impact. Mechanicals include moving parts, with blades swinging or sliding open to maximum cutting diameter only after impact. Each approach has its advantages, and limitations.
Fixed Blade Cons
- Fixed blades are more likely to veer off course, especially when shot from fast bows (that is why the tendency in the industry has been that, as bows have become faster, fixed blades have become smaller).
- But then, if cutting diameter directly correlates to tunability is also directly tied to how much flesh or vital organs they will cut while passing through game. In certain situations, wider-cutting heads increase your odds of recovering an animal.
- Fixed blades require better learning the fundamentals of fine-tuning equipment. A poorly tuned bow might work well if arrow speed is not too high but with today’s bows pushing 300fps a properly and finely tuned bow is required to avoid wind-planning.
- Fixed blades demand for a larger, more wind-resistant fletching to assure proper balance between rear drag and broadhead surface area.
Mechanical Cons
- The biggest enemy mechanical broadheads contend with is penetration.
- The average mechanical can’t match the average fixed blade for head-to-head penetration as part of the energy reserved for pushing an arrow forward is used to deploy moving parts of a mechanical broadhead.
- Mechanicals typically include wider cutting diameters than fixed-blade heads. More cutting edge translates into increased friction which negatively affects penetration.
- Mechanical designs are not as solid as fixed blade broadheads. Moving parts, again, make this true. Upon hard impact, broken blades, wedging in bone to stop penetration and even dragging or sliding on angled hits may occur.
- Mechanical broadheads may malfunction by prematurely opening or not opening at all of one or more blades.
Getting enough penetration on big animals with thick skin and large bones requires a solid broadhead.
Fixed Blade Pros
- Fixed blades are typically the strongest, most reliable designs which gives them the ability to survive hard impacts.
- Narrower cutting diameters introduce less “shock” on impact with game. Often animals act as if they have no idea they’ve been hit after the shot.
- Most fixed or replaceable blade broadheads are extremely easy to keep sharp edges on.
Mechanical Pros
- Reduced arrow planning: Mechanical designs were designed with one thing in mind, eliminating wind-planning and veering off course arrows as modern compound bows got faster.
- Accuracy: In-flight geometry holding blades tight to the ferrule or completely closed present a streamlined design with no surface areas for passing wind to grab or push against. With no wind drag to affect arrows flight path, mechanicals provide flight characteristics similar to field or target points.
- This makes them the most accurate choice for long-range shooting on light-boned, thin-skinned game and in brushy conditions since they are less prone to deflections.
- Larger Cutting Diameters: Mechanical designs offer cutting diameters and devastating tissue damage that would just be impossible with a fixed-blade head. This leads to quicker kills.
- This provides a wider margin for error and a massive wound channel with better blood trails, easier tracking and faster bleed-out.
- Penetration: The design in modern mechanical broadheads seeks to partially compensate energy loss with aerodynamics.
- Although a lot is said about mechanicals failing to open after impact, the truth is, it is nearly impossible mechanically for a mechanical broadhead not to open.
A mechanical broadhead will have a wider cutting surface and a perfect flight. It is the right choice when stalking roedeer
CHOOSING THE RIGHT BROADHEAD
Ultimately, there are no absolutes in broadhead choice. Purchasing and trying different broadheads to see which feels better to you when shooting seems like a good overall recommendation.
Choosing between mechanical and fixed broadheads is a matter of personal preference, but it also depends on the specific hunting conditions and game you pursue. Both types offer advantages and disadvantages, so it’s essential to make a good decision based on your individual needs and preferences.
Taking into account the following aspects should also help to make a more informed decision.
Is is very important to adapt our broadhead selection to the species we are chasing and the type of hunting.
Game Size
Consider the size of the game you intend to hunt and match your setup to the task.
If you are hunting for cape buffalo you probably want to consider using a solid-welded or single-piece cut-on-contact fixed blade broadhead while if you are after turkey, you will most probably think of a large cutting diameter mechanical as the sole option.
In general, as game size diminishes, skin thickness narrows and bone resistance becomes less of a problem, broadhead choices lean toward wider cutting diameters and/or mechanicals.
Bow Type and Speed
Your bow’s speed and kinetic energy play a role in broadhead selection.
50Lbs. compound and 27” draw length is considered the standard minimum above which an archer should not have any problem with normal hunts. This might be different if you are shooting a limited-energy traditional bow.
Whatever the case may be, you need to ensure your chosen broadhead can maintain accuracy and efficiency at your bow’s speed. As a general rule of thumb, if you’re achieving complete pass-throughs on most of the game you shoot, no need to worry. If not, maybe you should consider a more efficient broadhead design made for better penetration.
Hunting Conditions
Think about your hunting environment, including wind conditions and the distance from which you typically shoot. Some broadheads handle wind better than others.
If you exclusively hunt from a tree stand or a blind at known distances around 20 meters, your concerns with wind drift will be minimal whereas if you usually stalk roe deer in open areas where you can regularly be forced to take long distance shots, your choice will be totally different.
Accuracy
No matter your hunting distance or style, accuracy has to be always a priority factor when selecting a broadhead. Ethical hunting implies accurate shots.
Consider all these factors, include your budget in the equation, as broadheads are a costly piece of gear, and you will be ready to select the perfect broadheads for your bowhunting adventures. Whether you opt for the precision and the wide cutting diameter of mechanical broadheads or the toughness and penetration of the fixed blade broadheads, your choice can significantly impact the success of your hunts. Make sure to practice with your chosen broadheads to fine-tune your accuracy and your hunting season will be a success.